Which node, with a small storage, can verify the states of accounts with the help of other full nodes?

The node you're referring to is known as a light node or lightweight node. In blockchain networks like Ethereum or Bitcoin, light nodes download just a tiny portion of the blockchain and verify the statuses of accounts with the aid of full nodes. This makes them acceptable for smartphones with little storage. They depend on complete nodes for information and validation of transactions, providing the security and decentralization of the network without needing considerable store capacity. Please note that the actual functionality might differ dependent on the individual blockchain protocol.